The operating speed of road rollers on different pavements varies depending on factors such as the type of roller, the characteristics of pavement materials, and the compaction stage. Here are some common ranges of operating speeds:

Asphalt pavements:

• Initial compaction (steel wheel roller): The speed is generally 3-5 km/h, with vibration turned on, and the temperature of the asphalt mixture needs to be above 120℃.

• Re-compaction (pneumatic tire roller): The speed is usually 5-8 km/h, with the rubber tires performing kneading, and the temperature ranges between 80-120℃.

• Final compaction (tandem steel wheel static pressure): The speed is 2-3 km/h, with vibration turned off, and the temperature is controlled between 60-80℃.

Soil/subgrade pavements:

• Clay compaction: It is recommended to use a speed of 3-4 km/h with low frequency and large amplitude to prevent the "spring soil" phenomenon.

• Sand/gravel compaction: The operating speed can be 4-6 km/h with high frequency and medium amplitude to promote particle interlocking.

• Fill layer thickness > 50 cm: If an impact roller is used, the speed is generally 2-3 km/h to ensure deep compaction.

In addition, impact rollers typically operate at a speed of 10-15 km/h in ultra-deep compaction scenarios such as high fills and airport runways. The actual situation may vary in different projects. Before formal construction, a test section is usually conducted to determine the optimal operating speed.