Rough mine roads (with lots of gravel, steep slopes, sharp rocks, potholes, and gullies) cause significant wear and tear to the tracks and chassis components of tracked excavators. Problems such as track plate breakage, support roller damage, drive wheel wear, and chassis deformation are likely to occur. The core of protection is "reducing impact loads, avoiding sharp scratches, evenly distributing forces, and conducting timely protection and maintenance". A full-process protection plan must be formulated from three dimensions: driving operations, equipment protection, and daily maintenance. The details are as follows:
Use low gear for driving throughout the entire process, control the accelerator steadily, and strictly prohibit sudden acceleration, sudden braking, and rushing through potholes at high speed.
When encountering raised rocks or steps, let the front end of the track slowly fit the obstacle, fine-tune the machine body posture through the boom, and climb slowly. This prevents track plate deformation and support roller shaft breakage caused by hard collision between the track and the obstacle.
Prioritize routes that are relatively flat and have less gravel, and avoid areas with dense sharp rocks, deep gullies, and soft collapse zones.
When driving, try to let the tracks roll over large rocks or solid ground. Avoid having one side of the track press on sharp gravel to prevent the track plate from being cut and the track pin from being broken.
When steering on rough roads, adopt small-angle segmented steering and avoid long-term large-angle steering on the spot.
The rotation speed of one side of the track should not be too fast during steering to prevent severe friction between the track and the gravel on the ground. At the same time, avoid cross-rolling of the two sides of the track to reduce wear on the track joints and guide wheels.
When going uphill, keep the tracks parallel to the slope, and let the bucket lightly touch the ground for auxiliary support to disperse the load-bearing pressure of the tracks.
When going downhill, also face the slope directly, and use the friction of the bucket to decelerate to avoid the track bearing additional impact force due to excessive inertia of the machine body. Driving across the slope is strictly prohibited to prevent track skidding and chassis distortion.
Replace with mine-specific thickened track plates. These plates are mostly made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy steel, with reinforced patterns on the surface, and their impact resistance and wear resistance are far superior to ordinary track plates.
For extremely harsh working conditions, track plate protection teeth can be installed to prevent sharp rocks from getting stuck in the track gaps. At the same time, select high-strength track pins and bushings to improve the overall tensile and wear-resistant capabilities of the tracks.
Install wear-resistant guard plates on key parts of the chassis (such as the outside of support rollers, the bottom of drive wheels, and the bottom of slewing bearings). The guard plates are made of high-manganese steel with a thickness of no less than 10mm, which can effectively block gravel impact and scratches.
For carrier rollers, dust covers can be installed to prevent mine dust and gravel from entering the bearing interior and causing jamming and damage.
Replace the ordinary seals of chassis components with mine-specific high-temperature-resistant and dust-proof seals to prevent gravel and dust from entering the lubrication system.
At the same time, use anti-wear hydraulic oil and gear oil to enhance the lubrication effect of components and reduce friction and wear.
When driving on rough mine roads, the track tension should be slightly looser than that on flat roads (press the middle of the track, and control the sag within 20-30mm). This can buffer road impact and prevent the track from breaking due to excessive tension.
However, it should be noted that the tension should not be too loose to prevent the track from falling off.
Before operation: Check whether the track plate bolts are loose or missing, whether the track pins are deformed, and whether the support rollers, carrier rollers, and drive wheels rotate flexibly and have abnormal noises or jamming.
After operation: Clean the gravel and soil on the tracks and chassis, especially the track gaps and bearing parts, to prevent components from being deformed due to gravel extrusion.
Formulate a component replacement cycle. When the wear of the track plate exceeds 30% of its original thickness, the support roller surface has obvious grooves, or the drive wheel tooth surface has uneven wear, replace them in a timely manner.
For vulnerable parts such as pins and bushings of the chassis, regularly check the gaps. If the gaps exceed the standard value, replace them immediately to avoid chain damage.
Shorten the lubrication cycle of chassis components. Lubricate once a week under normal working conditions and once every 3 days under harsh mine working conditions. Focus on lubricating parts such as track joints, support roller bearings, and drive wheel gears to ensure sufficient lubrication.
At the same time, regularly check the oil level and cleanliness of the lubricating oil. If the oil is turbid or insufficient, replace and replenish it in a timely manner.
Chinese
